How should I pack my backpack for the backcountry?

cutaway of a backpack packed for a backcountry trip Many alpine-style backpacks only have an alpine top lid opening, and no main zippered opening. There are many reasons for this design feature:

  1. A zipper blowout in the mountains could be disastrous.
  2. Top loading designs are inherently more weather-resistant and durable than a zippered opening.
  3. Every day should have the same order of operations:

The next morning is something like this in the reverse order:

The sleeping bag should always be stored at the bottom for this reason. Therefore, a panel zipper is usually not needed. Since everything comes in and out of the backpack in the same order every day, there shouldn’t be much rummaging around. Modern designs convenient pockets for quick-access items to prevent the need for digging around, and a large, zippered bottom opening to reach the sleeping bag more easily.

The main use of the panel or side zipper is to get at smaller items that have shifted and sunk in the packbag throughout the hike. Alternatively, you may pack something intentionally in the centre of your pack, but wish to pull it out in the middle of the hike (e.g. a camera cube).

A large, zippered panel opening can also be convenient for non-backcountry use, if there is no ‘big four’ because you’re hiking hut-to-hut, or as a substitute for a travel backpack in urban environments.

Packing your bag in this way also ensures that your weight distribution is optimized. Heavier, denser items should be stored closer to your centre-of-gravity, and the lighter, bulkier items stores further from your centre-of gravity (see the illustration above). The lightest thing of all would be a closed-cell foam sleeping pad, which should always be strapped externally with the bottom sleeping pad straps. Some exceptions should be made for important items that may need to be accessed quickly, such your first aid kit or bear spray.